There are many reasons to be concerned about the possibility of falling at home. Falls among individuals over the age of 65 has become such a concern that Congress passed The Elder Fall Prevention Act in 2003 to develop public education, expand services, and research on this topic. The bill passed by Congress reports that falls are the leading cause of injury deaths among individuals who are over the age of 65. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that one in three adults 65 and older falls each year. There are several ways to lower the risk your risks for falls.
Staying fit is one of the best ways to avoid a fall at home. Regular exercise is vital to maintain strength, balance, and coordination. Many experts encourage Tai Chi as an exercise that targets these specific areas. Tai Chi is a form of Chinese Medicine that uses slow, dance-like movements, deep breathing, and mental imagery to promote not only balance, strength, and coordination but also stress reduction and other health benefits. Hospitals, gyms, wellness centers, senior centers, or park and recreation organizations may offer facilitated classes. There are also many videos available that teach the techniques of this exercise.
More than fifty percent of all falls occur in the home. Take some time to make your home safer by following these tips:
-Remove clutter from walk ways and high traffic areas. Papers, shoes, or clothes are all potential hazards that can cause someone to stumble.
-Rugs should be used with caution or secured with double-sided tape.
-Items that are frequently used should be stored in easy to reach cabinets. Step stools can easily result in a fall.
-Consider equipping bathrooms with properly placed grab bars. Slippery showers and bathtubs are responsible for many falls. A non-slip bath mat in showers and on bathroom floors is also recommended. Grab bars beside toilets may also be helpful.
-Lighting in a home is very important. All staircases should be well-lit. Handrails along staircases should be in good condition.
-Seniors should wear shoes with non-slip soles. Slippers and house shoes can lead to falls. Socks with “grippers” on the bottom can decrease the possibility of slipping.
There are hazards outside of your home that you should be aware of also. Avoid slippery surfaces outside if at all possible. Winter ice and snow should be cleared as soon as possible. Make arrangements at the beginning of the season with someone in the neighborhood to maintain your walkways. Be aware of broken pavement and curbs surrounding your home. Outside stairs and pathways need to be well-lit and clear of clutter like your indoor walkways.
Prescription medications can increase the risk for falls. Even some cold medicines can increase drowsiness. Older adults need to be aware of the side effects of all medications, like Prasugrel, they are taking. Beware of prescriptions that cause confusion, increased drowsiness or dizziness. Changes in medications can increase the risk for falling. Take extra caution when your physician has changed your prescriptions. Medication interactions are also a concern. Seniors should combine all of your medications with a single pharmacy so a pharmacist can advise you about possible interactions between current prescriptions. Medicine cabinets should be well lit with medication bottles clearly marked. Avoid drinking alcohol with medications without consulting with your doctor and always take medications as directed.
Poor vision is another risk factor related to falls. Maintain regular check up with an eye doctor for optimal vision. Always wear glasses or contacts when walking through your home - even if you’re just going to the bathroom.
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